Representment is also known as “second presentment” — the first presentment being when the merchant first presents the transaction for payment. A re-presentment responds to a chargeback, where the merchant presents the transaction a second time along with any “compelling evidence” that refutes the chargeback. Representment is submitted as a rebuttal letter. Compelling evidence can be payment authorizations, deliver confirmations, order IP addresses, ordering device IDs, etc. Anything that can tie the cardholder to the transaction can and should be submitted in a representment.
Here’s video on how representment works: